Endoscopic and Microscopic Discectomy are advanced, minimally invasive spine surgeries performed to relieve nerve compression caused by a herniated or slipped disc. These procedures aim to remove the portion of the disc that is pressing on the spinal nerve, thereby relieving pain, numbness, and weakness in the back and legs.

Techniques

• Purpose: The surgery is performed in patients who have persistent symptoms such as sciatica, leg pain, or weakness that do not improve with medication, physiotherapy, or rest.

• Endoscopic Discectomy: Involves inserting a thin tube with a camera (endoscope) through a small incision, allowing the surgeon to visualize and remove the herniated disc fragment with precision.
• Microscopic Discectomy: Uses an operating microscope and specialized microsurgical instruments through a small incision to remove the disc fragment under magnified view.

Procedure

• Performed under local or general anesthesia.
• A small (1–2 cm) incision is made in the back.
• The herniated disc portion compressing the nerve is identified and removed using micro or endoscopic tools.
• The muscles and ligaments are preserved, and no major bone removal is required.

Advantages

• Minimal incision and muscle damage
• Less postoperative pain and blood loss
• Faster recovery and discharge (often same or next day)
• Early return to work and normal activities
• Excellent long-term pain relief and functional improvement